read(Term)

and its variants return the atom end_of_file also upon reading this term ("sentence"?):

end_of_file.

If you care about this possibility, you can test thus:

read(Term),
( Term == end_of_file,
  stream_property(end_of_stream(at)) ->

at least (empirically) when reading from files.

Note

This corresponds to "serialization/deserialization" in Java and other languages.

You CAN but shouldn't use this for reading input typed in by the user.

Example:

?-
TermOut = a(b,c,[1,2,3],var(ZZ)),
with_output_to(
   string(Buf),
   write_term(TermOut,[])),             % serialize "TermOut" out to "Buf"
read_term_from_atom(Buf, TermIn, []).   % unserialize "TermIn" from "Buf"

Result:

TermOut = a(b,c,[1,2,3],var(ZZ)),
Buf = "a(b,c,[1,2,3],var(_8700))",
TermIn = a(b,c,[1,2,3],var(_9646)).

When asking the user

Use library(readutil) for more freewheeling I/O like user querying, using read_line_to_string/2.

Example:

?-
format("Answer me, Domon!!!!\n"),
read_line_to_string(user_input,S1),
string_lower(S1,S2),
(member(S2,["yes","1","ok","y","ja","oui"])
   -> format("OK!")
   ; (format("NOK"), fail)).

Then:

Answer me, Domon!!!!
|: YES
OK!
S1 = "YES",
S2 = "yes".

Here is example code for reading terms from a file

:- use_module(library(filesex)).

% I'm using strings wherever there is supposed to be "text whose only meaning is itself"

perform_catch(Terms,Encoding) :-
   catch(perform(Terms,Encoding),ExceptionTerm,(format(user_error,"~q",[ExceptionTerm]),fail)).
   
perform(Terms,Encoding) :-
   WhereDir = "/home/user/",
   directory_file_path(WhereDir,"prepacked",PrepackedDir),
   directory_file_path(PrepackedDir,"onepointfour",D1), % directory_file_path has bugs so go step by step here
   directory_file_path(D1,"basics",D2), % directory_file_path has bugs so go step by step here
   directory_file_path(D2,"pack.pl",File),
   exists_file_or_throw(File),
   open_or_throw(File,Stream,Encoding),
   assertion(is_stream(Stream)),
   % Exceptions due to syntax problems are left to bubble "up".
   % If this happens in an interactive sessions, the tracer is triggered
   % (unless you did "set_prolog_flag(debug_on_error,false)") and stops
   % right before the cleanup goal
   setup_call_cleanup(
      true,
      slurp_terms(Stream,Terms),
      (format(user_error,"Closing ~q~n",[File]),close(Stream))),
   assertion(\+is_stream(Stream)).
   
% ---

slurp_terms(Stream,Terms) :-
   read_term(Stream,Term,[]),  % will throw on syntax error; unifies Term with "end_of_file" at EOF
   slurp_terms_again(Term,Stream,Terms).

% ---

slurp_terms_again(end_of_file,_Stream,[]) :- !.
slurp_terms_again(Term,Stream,[Term|Terms]) :-
   slurp_terms(Stream,Terms).

% ---

open_or_throw(File,Stream,Encoding) :-
   open(File,read,Stream,[encoding(Encoding)]),
   !.
   
open_or_throw(File,_Stream,_Encoding) :-
   domain_error("Opening file for reading failed",File). % but how do I know WHY it failed?

% ---

exists_file_or_throw(File) :-
   exists_file(File),!.
   
exists_file_or_throw(File) :-
   domain_error("No such file",File). % domain error is as good as any

This requires the last two characters to be dot and newline (in that order). When leaving out the dot the input prompt will not go away. The dot is not part of the read term (nor is the newline).